Penentuan Tingkah Laku Pengguna dalam Mempengaruhi Perbelanjaan Penggunaan Mampan dalam Kalangan Isi Rumah Melayu
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Abstract
Household consumption behaviour refers to the expenditure incurred by the household. The progress of the Malaysian nation has given the people a great deal of modernity and is prone to materialism at the expense of their ability. Good income and expenditure management can improve the quality of life and contribute to sustainable consumption spending. The quality and well-being of one’s life is an indispensable indicator of the direction of a developed nation. A study was conducted to identify factors influencing household spending on sustainable consumption. Multiple regression methods were used to examine the relationship between household spending and factors, namely income, employment, education, savings, dependencies, health and age. The results showed that each category of income had a significant factor of B40 (four significant factors), M40 (three significant factors) and T20 (one significant factor). It is hoped that this study will help policymakers and stakeholders in drafting guidelines for achieving sustainable spending.
Tingkah laku penggunaan isi rumah merujuk kepada perbelanjaan yang dilakukan oleh isi rumah. Kemajuan Malaysia menyebabkan rakyat begitu ghairah mengejar arus pemodenan dan mudah terpengaruh dengan sifat kebendaan sehingga terjebak untuk melakukan perbelanjaan yang melampaui had kemampuan mereka. Pengurusan pendapatan dan perbelanjaan yang baik mampu meningkatkan kualiti hidup dan menyumbang kepada perbelanjaan penggunaan yang mampan. Kualiti dan kesejahteraan hidup seseorang merupakan indikator yang amat penting untuk menuju ke arah sebuah negara maju. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengenal pasti faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perbelanjaan isi rumah ke arah penggunaan mampan. Kaedah regresi berganda digunakan untuk mengkaji hubungan antara perbelanjaan isi rumah dengan faktor-faktor seperti pendapatan, pekerjaan, pendidikan, tabungan, tanggungan, kesihatan dan umur. Hasil kajian mendapati setiap kategori pendapatan mempunyai faktor signifikan masing-masing iaitu B40 (empat faktor signifikan), M40 (tiga faktor signifikan) dan T20 (satu faktor signifikan). Kajian ini diharap dapat membantu pembuat dasar polisi dan golongan yang berkepentingan menyediakan garis panduan agar dapat mengetahui tahap kemampuan etnik Melayu dalam mencapai kemampanan perbelanjaan pada masa akan datang.
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