Penglibatan Sosial Pembudayaan Nilai Murni Melalui Pembelajaran Tidak Formal dalam Kalangan Penduduk Bandar Putrajaya (Social Participation and Values Culturalisation through Non-Formal Learning among Urban Residents of Putrajaya)

Main Article Content

Abdul Aziz Rahman
Abdul Razaq Ahmad
Jalaluddin Abdul Malek
Mohd Mahzan Awang

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the social participation, values culturalisation through the means of informal learning and values practices among residents of Putrajaya Smart City. A total of 414 residents participated in this study. Data collection was conducted by using a questionnaire based on Theory of Adults' Informal Learning and questionnaires related to rural community values. A pilot study which involved 30 residents of Putrajaya was conducted to test the validation and reliability of the questionnaire. The results from the Cronbach alpha revealed that all items that were used to measure the constructs have high reliability value. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. Results showed that the social participation among the residents is at low level and the values culturalisation via informal learning and values practices is at moderate level. Inferential analysis illustrated that there is a significant difference for social participation according to gender. However, there is no significant difference between genders for the values culturalisation through informal learning and values practices. In regard to education level, there is a significant difference on social participation, values culturalisation through informal learning and values practices. This study also found that there is a significant contribution between social participation and values culturalisation through informal learning on values practices among the residents of Putrajaya. The implication of this study suggests that various efforts, programmes and activities has to be implemented to enhance values among the urban community. Based on these findings, this study suggests that the local authorities should take further actions and initiatives to enhance urban community values.


 


Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji penglibatan sosial, pembudayaan nilai melalui pembelajaran tidak formal dan amalan nilai murni dalam kalangan penduduk di bandar raya pintar Putrajaya, Malaysia. Seramai 414 orang penduduk bandar raya pintar Putrajaya telah mengambil bahagian dalam kajian ini. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan soal selidik berdasarkan Teori Pembelajaran Tidak Formal Orang Dewasa dan adaptasi soal selidik yang berkaitan dengan nilai komuniti bandar. Bagi menentukan kesahan dan kebolehpercayaan soal selidik, kajian rintis telah dilakukan. Kajian rintis ini melibatkan 30 orang penduduk bandar raya pintar Putrajaya dan hasil nilai alfa Cronbach menunjukkan setiap item yang digunakan bagi mengukur konstruk yang dikaji mempunyai nilai kebolehpercayaan yang tinggi. Analisis data telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan inferensi. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa penglibatan sosial dalam kalangan penduduk bandar raya pintar Putrajaya berada pada tahap rendah serta pembudayaan nilai melalui pembelajaran tidak formal dan amalan nilai murni berada pada tahap sederhana. Analisis inferensi menunjukkan terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan bagi penglibatan sosial penduduk bandar raya pintar Putrajaya berdasarkan jantina. Selain itu, tidak terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan berdasarkan jantina terhadap pembudayaan nilai melalui pembelajaran tidak formal dan amalan nilai murni. Namun, hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan terhadap penglibatan sosial, pembudayaan nilai melalui pembelajaran tidak formal dan amalan nilai murni berdasarkan taraf pendidikan. Kajian ini juga mendapati bahawa terdapat sumbangan yang signifikan antara penglibatan sosial dan pembudayaan nilai melalui pembelajaran tidak formal terhadap amalan nilai murni dalam kalangan penduduk bandar raya pintar di Putrajaya. Implikasi kajian ini mendapati bahawa pihak berkuasa perlu meningkatkan usaha, program dan aktiviti dalam meningkatkan nilai dalam komuniti bandar.

Article Details

How to Cite
Abdul Aziz Rahman, Abdul Razaq Ahmad, Jalaluddin Abdul Malek, and Mohd Mahzan Awang. 2016. “Penglibatan Sosial Pembudayaan Nilai Murni Melalui Pembelajaran Tidak Formal Dalam Kalangan Penduduk Bandar Putrajaya: (Social Participation and Values Culturalisation through Non-Formal Learning Among Urban Residents of Putrajaya)”. Kajian Malaysia 34 (2): 75–100. https://doi.org/10.21315/km2016.34.2.4.
Section
Articles

References

Abd Hadi Zakaria. 2004. Ketiadaan reaksi masyarakat terhadap kelakuan anti sosial. The Malaysian Journal of Social Administration 3(1): 71–82.

Abdul Aziz Rahman. 2012. Pendidikan non-formal dan pembudayaan amalan nilai-nilai murni kejiranan di bandar pintar Putrajaya. Master's diss. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.

Abdul Razaq Ahmad, Anisa Saleha and Ahmad Ali Seman. 2010. Kepelbagaian pelajar dan sekolah: Satu kajian kes di Negeri Pahang. Jurnal Pendidikan Malaysia 35(2): 87–95.

Abdul Samad Hadi. 2010. Urbanisasi di Malaysia: Mengaitkan kepelbagaian proses ke bentuk pembandaran. Malaysian Journal of Environmental Management 11(2): 21–31.

Adams, G. R and B. A. Ryan. 2000. Family relationship, academic environments, and psychosocial development during the university. Journal of Adolescent Research 15: 99–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0743558400151006.

Aiken, S. R., T. R. Leinbach, C. H. Leigh and M. R. Moss. 1982. Development and environment in Peninsular Malaysia. Singapura: McGraw-Hill International.

Alfitri, Mohd Mahzan Awang and Abdul Razaq Ahmad. 2014. Culturally-responsive strategies for resolving social conflict in rural community. Mediterranean Journal of Social Social Sciences 5(20): 375–385.

Asmah Ahmad. 2005. Kualiti hidup dan pengurusan persekitaran di Malaysia. In Pengurusan persekitaran 2005. Prosiding Seminar Kebangsaan Pengurusan Persekitaran 2005, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. 4–5 July.

Asyraf Radzwan, Nur Hadi Ibrahim, Mohd Mahzan Awang and Faridah Mydin Kutty. 2014. Kesejahteraan rakyat Malaysia berdasarkan Legatum Prosperity Index. Paper presented at International Social Development Conference, Bayview Hotel Langkawi, Malaysia. 12–13 August.

Badu-Nyarko, S. K. and E. S. K. Zumapkeh. 2014. Effects of non-formal education on the socio-economic development of women in Nadowli District, Ghana. Asian Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 2(2): 118–132.

Cicognani, E., B. Zani and C. Albanesi. 2012. Sense of community in adolescence. Global Journal of Community Psychology Practice 3(4): 119–125.

Cross, J. A. 2001. Megacities and small towns: Different perspectives on hazard vulnerability. Environmental Hazards 3: 63–80.

Drakakis, S. D. 1995. Third world cities: Sustainable urbanisation I, Urban Studies 32(45): 659–677.

Expat Insider. 2015. Three years of insights. 7 January. https://www.internations.org/expat-insider/

Fatimah Yusof, Kartiman Rostam and Zikri Muhammad. 2008. Bandar berdaya saing vis-a-vis pembangunan bandar lestari: Suatu wacana tentang pembangunan bandar di Malaysia. Malaysia Journal of Society and Space 4: 85–98.

Ferrans, C. E. 1990. Development of a quality of life index for cancer patients. Oncology Nursing Forum 17(suppl): 15–21.

Gay, L. R. and P. Airasian. 2000. Educational research: Competencies for analysis and application. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc.

Grant, M., G. V. Padilla, B. R. Ferrell and M. Rhiner. 1990. Assessment of quality of life with a single instrument. Seminars in Oncology Nursing 6: 260–270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0749-2081(90)90028-4.

Hair, J. F. Jr., R. E. Anderson, R. L. Tatham and W. C. Black. 1998. Multivariate data analysis. 5th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Haryati Shafii. 2007. Persepsi penduduk terhadap tempat tinggal dan kualiti hidup masyarakat bandar. Bangi: Pusat Pengajian Siswazah, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.

Hoppers, W. 2005. Community schools as an educational alternative in Africa: A critique. International Review of Education 51(2-3): 115-137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11159-005-0445-8.

Jabatan Statistik Malaysia. 2016. Statistik penduduk Malaysia. https://www.statistics.gov.my/

Jalaluddin Abdul Malek, Abdul Razaq Ahmad and Mohd Mahzan Awang. 2014. Symbiotic relationship between telecentre and lifelong learning for rural community development: A Malaysian experience. TOJET: The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology 13(3): 148–156.

Jamil Ahmad. 2002. Pemupukan budaya penyelidikan di kalangan guru di sekolah: Satu penilaian. PhD diss., Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.

Johnson, W. 2000. The dictionary of human geography. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Johnson, G., K. Scholes and R. W. Sexty. 1989. Exploring strategic management. Scarborough, Ontario: Prentice Hall.

Katiman Rostam, Er Ah Choy, Zaini Sakawi, Abdul Rahim Mohd Nor and Aishah@Esah Mohamed. 2010. Pembandaran di pinggir wilayah metropolitan lanjutan Malaysia: Beberapa implikasi terhadap kejiranan dari Lembah Klang-Langat. Malaysian Journal of Society and Space 6(2): 37–50.

Kementerian Kesejahteraan Bandar, Perumahan dan Kerajaan Tempatan. 2014. 16 October. Inisiatif pemutihan kawasan black spot 2013–2015. Siaran media [Rujukan: KPKT/BPK/19/7/4 Klt.43 (36)] .

Kennedy, K. J., M. M. C. Mok and M. Y. W. Wong. 2012. Developing political trust in adolescents: Is there a role for schools? In Psychology of emotions, ed. B. Curtis, New York: Nova Publishers.

Khairani Zakariya @ Abd Hamid. 2012. Kaedah pembangunan akhlak remaja menurut Imam al-Ghazali: Aplikasinya dalam program tarbiah sekolah-sekolah menengah aliran agama berasrama di negeri Kedah, Malaysia. ATIKAN 2(1): 79–94.

Knowles, M. S. 1980. The modern practice of adult education, andragogy versus pedagogy. New York: Cambridge Books.

Krejcie, R. V. and D. W. Morgan. 1970. Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement 30: 607–610.

Masuda, Y. 1990. The information society as post industrial society. Tokyo: Institute for the Information Society.

Meriam, S. B, L. M. Baumgarther and R. S. Caffarella. 2007. Learning in adult hood. 3rd ed. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Mior Khairul Azrin Mior Jamaluddin. 2011. Sistem pendidikan di Malaysia: Dasar, cabaran, dan pelaksanaan ke arah perpaduan nasional. Sosiohumanika 4(1): 33-48.

Mohamad Johdi Salleh, Che Noraini Hashim, Ismael Hassanaen and Amir Hasan Dawi. 2009. Status sosio ekonomi dan komitmen ibu bapa terhadap pencapaian pelajar dalam Penilaian Menengah Rendah, Malaysia. 14th International Conference on Education. Bridging words: Making connections in education. Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah Institute of Education Universiti Brunei Darussalam. 21–24 May.

Mohd. Mahzan Awang, Abdul Razaq Ahmad, Nora'asikin Abu Bakar, Sayuti Abd Ghani, Asyraf Nadia Mohd Yunus, Mohd Asrul Hery Ibrahim, Jaya Chitra Ramalu, Che Pee Saad and Mohd Jasmy Abd Rahman. 2013. Students' attitudes and their academic performance in nationhood education. International Education Studies 6(11): 21–28.

Mohd. Majid Konting. 2000. Kaedah penyelidikan pendidikan. 5th ed. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.

Muzafar Shah Habibullah and A. H. Baharom. 2009. Crime and economic conditions in Malaysia: An ARDL bounds testing approach. Journal of Social Economic 36(11): 1071–1081.

Nik Hassan Shuhami Nik Abdul Rahman and Zuliskandar Ramli. 2011. Penyesuaian manusia kepada kehidupan persekitaran dalam gua zaman prasejarah: Fokas kajian Gua Bewah, Terengganu. PURBA 30: 1–20.

Norhaslina Hassan. 2006. Dinamika masyarakat bandar Malaysia: Ke arah kualiti hidup mapan. Kuala Lumpur: Universiti Malaya Kuala Lumpur.

Pinto, J. C., M. do Ceu Taveira and E. Sa. 2012. Career-self management and entrepreneurship: An experience with PhD students. Journal of Research in Education & Psychology 10(3): 985–1010.

Prayinto. 1987. Profesionalisasi konseling dan pendidikan konselor. Jakarta: Depdikbud.

Presser, H. B. and S. Kishor. 1991. Economic development and occupational sex segregation in Puerto Rico: 1950–80. Population and Development Review 17(1): 53–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1972352.

Ringarp, J. and M. Rothland. 2010. Is the grass always greener? The effect of the PISA results on education debates in Sweden and Germany. European Educational Research Journal 9(3): 422–430. http://dx.doi.org/10.2304/eerj.2010.9.3.422.

Sabari Yunus. 2006. Ciri-ciri pembangunan bandar sejahtera. Kuala Lumpur: MIMOS.

Samsuhaizad Samian, Jamaluddin Md. Jahi and Azahan Awang. 2014. Isu perbandaran dan kualiti hidup penduduk bandar. International Journal of the Malay and Civilisation 2(1): 63–75.

Santiago, A. M., G. C. Galster and K. L. S. Pettit. 2003. Neighbourhood crime and scattered-site public housing. Urban Studies 40(11): 2147–2163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0042098032000123222.

Sardar, Z. 1988. Information in the muslim world: A strategy for the 20th century. London: Mansell Publications Ltd.

Selvi Narayanan and Katiman Rostam. 2012. Impak sosial pembangunan bandar baru Putrajaya terhadap penduduk asal: Kes isi rumah yang dipindahkan ke Taman Permata, Dengkil, Selangor. Geografia: Malaysian Journal of Society and Space 8(4): 44–55.

Shaharudin Idrus, Abdul Samad Hadi, Abdul Hadi Harman Shah and Siti Umira Sulaiman. 2013. Kemunculan Kuala Lumpur sebagai wilayah perbandaran mega diperluas: Menongkah dayahuni dan kelestarian. Persidangan Kebangsaan Geografi dan Alam Sekitar kali ke-4, Tanjung Malim, Perak. 209–217.

Shamsudin Othman. 1993. Pendidikan ke arah masyarakat berfikir. Dewan Masyarakat, Oktober: 20.

Simmons, J. 1980. Non formal education & activity. Boston: Willey & Sons.

Soja, E. W. 2000. Postmetropolis: Critical studies of cities and regions. Oxford: Blackwell.

Stein, C. and K. C. Parsons, eds. 1989. The writings of Clarence S. Stein: Architect of the planned community. Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press.

Stewart, A. J. 1976. Arousal of the power motive in women. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 44: 495–496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022006X.44.3.495.

Tajul Ariffin Noordin. 2010. Pendidik bina kebenaran universal. Pendidik 69: 55–57.

Tajul Ariffin Nordin and Nor'Aini. 2002. Pendidikan dan pembangunan manusia: Pendekatan bersepadu. Bangi: As-Syabab Media.

Torney-Purta, J. and J.-A. Amadeo. 2011. Participatory niches for emergent citizenship in early adolescence: An international perspective. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 633: 180–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716210384220.

Unit Pemodenan Tadbiran dan Perancangan Pengurusan Malaysia (MAMPU). 2011. Pelan tindakan pembudayaan amalan nilai-nilai murni bagi bandar raya pintar. Putrajaya: Perbadanan Putrajaya.

United Nation Educational Scientific Organisation. 2015. Promoting learning for the world of work. http://www.unevoc.unesco.org/go.php?q=Non-formal+education&context=

United Nations Development Programme. 2015. Work for human development. Human development report 2015. http://hdr.undp.org/sites/all/themes/hdr_theme/country-notes/MYS.pdf. (accessed 16 January 2015).

Wan Rozali Hj. Wan Hussin. 2008. Kualiti hidup sosial dan proses pembandaran di Malaysia. Pulau Pinang: Pusat Pendidikan Jarak Jauh USM.

World Health Organisation (WHO). 1948. Constitution of The World Health Organization. Health Conference New York. 19–22 July 1946, signed on 22 July 1946.

Zakaria Stapa, Noranizah Yusuf and Abdul Fatah Shaharudin. 2012. Islam asas pembentukan jati diri bangsa Melayu-Muslim. Jurnal Hadhari Special Edition: 129–141.