Kesan Variasi Harga Minyak Terhadap Corak Perjalanan Pelajar Institusi Pengajian Tinggi
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Abstract
Di Malaysia, kebanyakan kajian yang dijalankan ke atas kesan peningkatan harga minyak tertumpu kepada kumpulan masyarakat yang mempunyai pendapatan bulanan secara tetap. Sedikit perhatian diberikan ke atas golongan muda tanpa pendapatan khususnya pelajar peringkat pengajian tinggi. Di Malaysia, pelajar universiti juga merupakan antara golongan tertinggi yang membuat perjalanan harian. Secara amnya, peningkatan harga minyak juga telah meningkatkan kos harian pelajar yang boleh mempengaruhi perjalanan harian mereka. Oleh itu, kajian ini dijalankan bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara spesifik kesan peningkatan harga minyak terhadap corak perjalanan golongan muda di institusi pengajian tinggi (IPT). Seramai 596 orang responden dalam kalangan pelajar IPT telah terlibat dalam kajian ini yang telah dipilih secara rawak di pusat pengajian awam dan swasta. Dengan memberikan tumpuan berkaitan corak perjalanan sebelum dan selepas peningkatan harga minyak, responden telah diminta untuk mengisi soal selidik berkaitan aktiviti perjalanan mingguan mereka. Daripada tinjauan yang dijalankan, terdapat variasi dalam pemilihan mod pengangkutan bagi tujuan pembelajaran dan urusan peribadi responden. Antara mod pilihan pelajar ialah memandu kereta, menunggang motosikal, berjalan kaki dan menggunakan perkhidmatan pengangkutan awam. Walau bagaimanapun mod pengangkutan tertinggi bagi pergerakan responden dari kawasan kediaman ke kampus berdasarkan jumlah kekerapan mingguan adalah dengan berjalan kaki dan menggunakan kereta persendirian. Manakala bagi tujuan urusan peribadi, pelajar lebih cenderung untuk memilih menggunakan mod pengangkutan kereta. Hasil kajian yang dijalankan menunjukkan kenaikan harga minyak tidak memberikan perubahan yang signifikan terhadap perubahan corak perjalanan responden secara umum. Namun terdapat sedikit perubahan ke atas corak perjalanan responden seperti pengurangan kekerapan penggunaan kenderaan persendirian dan peningkatan kekerapan untuk berkongsi kenderaan.
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