Komunikasi politik di negeri Sarawak: Analisis wacana kritis terhadap manifesto parti politik dalam Pilihan Raya Negeri Sarawak 2021
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Abstract
An election manifesto reflects the vision of a political party in its effort to gain support from potential voters to win seats. Most political parties will produce manifestoes that promise development projects to drive the country’s economy, provide employment opportunities as well as combat abuse of power. The 2021 Sarawak State Election (SSE21) was an election that attracted the attention of state and federal observers. For the first time, the Gabungan Parti Sarawak (GPS) was contesting after the disbandment of Sarawak Barisan Nasional (BN) in 2018. In addition, it was also the first election for the new Sarawak Chief Minister, Abang Johari Openg. SSE21 was the first battleground for several Sarawak nationalist parties such as Parti Sarawak Bersatu (PSB) and Parti Bumi Kenyalang (PBK). Using critical discourse analysis, this article aims to analyse the content of GPS, PSB and PBK’s manifestoes. The focus of this study is the issue of state nationalism, state development and inter-ethnic relations presented in the manifesto.
Manifesto pilihan raya mencerminkan wawasan sesebuah parti politik dalam usaha meraih sokongan bakal pengundi bagi memenangi kerusi di kawasan bertanding. Kebanyakan parti politik menghasilkan manifesto yang menjanjikan projek pembangunan ekonomi negara, peluang pekerjaan serta memerangi salah guna kuasa. Pilihan Raya Negeri Sarawak 2021 (PRNS 2021) menarik perhatian di peringkat negeri dan persekutuan kerana buat pertama kalinya Gabungan Parti Sarawak (GPS) bertanding setelah pembubaran Barisan Nasional (BN) Sarawak pada tahun 2018. Di samping itu, PRNS 2021 merupakan pilihan raya pertama buat Abang Johari Openg, Ketua Menteri Sarawak yang baharu. PRNS 2021 juga merupakan medan pertarungan yang pertama buat parti nasionalis Sarawak seperti Parti Sarawak Bersatu (PSB) dan Parti Bumi Kenyalang (PBK). Makalah ini bertujuan untuk meneroka melalui analisis wacana kritis komunikasi politik yang disampaikan oleh parti politik di dalam manifesto mereka. Menggunakan kaedah analisis wacana kritis, makalah ini membandingkan manifesto mereka GPS, PSB dan PBK. Fokus kajian ini membincangkan tentang isu nasionalisme kenegerian, perkembangan ekonomi negeri dan hubungan antara etnik yang terdapat di dalam manifesto berkenaan.
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