Examining the Threat of Kidnap-for-Ransom in Eastern Sabah: An Analysis of Contributing Factors and Implications to National Security
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Abstract
This study examines the complex maritime security landscape in eastern Sabah, Malaysia, focusing on kidnap-for-ransom (KFR) incidents orchestrated by the Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG). Sabah’s strategic location in the Tri-Border Area, encompassing waters shared with the Philippines and Indonesia, renders it vulnerable to cross-border threats, including KFR, piracy, and smuggling. The study investigates ASG’s KFR modus operandi and analyses how socioeconomic, geographical, and governance factors facilitate such operations. Employing qualitative research, with primary data from semi-structured interviews with members of the Eastern Sabah Security Command (ESSCOM), Royal Malaysia Police (RMP), Marine Police, and academic experts, this research highlights the operational dynamics of ASG, local complicity, and the role of insider knowledge in executing KFR. The findings underscore how ASG exploits Sabah’s vulnerabilities, impacting regional stability and Malaysia’s national security. The study concludes with recommendations for enhancing Sabah’s resilience through targeted law enforcement strategies, community engagement, and sustained regional cooperation, aiming to address the persistent security challenges posed by cross-border criminal activities.
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