Perkembangan Teori Fiqh Al-Watan Di Negeri Pahang: Satu Pemerhatian Epistemologikal

Abstract

Artikel ini membincangkan perkembangan teori fiqh al-watan di negeri Pahang melalui pendekatan pemerhatian epistemologikal. Ia menggunakan kaedah analisis literatur untuk menelusuri bagaimana fiqh al-watan berkembang daripada realiti sosio-politik masyarakat Melayu-Islam, dikodifikasikan melalui Hukum Kanun Pahang, dan kemudiannya diangkat sebagai satu teori kenegaraan Islam oleh sarjana moden. Kajian ini menyoroti gabungan sumber wahyu, akal, dan budaya lokal sebagai teras epistemologi Islam tempatan. Teori fiqh al-watan didapati mampu menawarkan alternatif kepada model kenegaraan kolonial-sekular dan berpotensi untuk diaplikasikan semula dalam konteks reformasi tadbir urus kontemporari di dunia Islam.

This article explores the development of the fiqh al-watan theory in the state of Pahang through an epistemological lens. Employing a literature analysis method, the study traces how fiqh al-watan emerged from the socio-political realities of the Malay-Muslim community, was codified through the Hukum Kanun Pahang, and subsequently recognized by modern scholars as a theory of Islamic nationhood. The study highlights the integration of revelation, reason, and local custom as the foundation of a local Islamic epistemology. The fiqh al-watan theory is shown to offer a compelling alternative to the secular-colonial model and holds potential for application in contemporary Islamic governance reform.