Factors Affecting the Competence of Quantity Surveying Professionals in Zimbabwe
Main Article Content
Abstract
The increased complexity of construction projects necessitates the need for quantity surveying professionals to achieve and maintain the highest levels of competency. However, various factors have inhibited their expected professional practice aptitude. Hence, this study reported on the factors affecting the competency of surveying professionals. A questionnaire based descriptive survey strategy was undertaken to collect quantitative data from both consultant quantity surveyors and contractor quantity surveyors on the factors that influence their competence. The factor analysis revealed four significant components, including inadequate project and professional practice, inadequate academic and technological advances, inadequate organisational structure and teamwork and unclear individual career development goals. In addition, an assessment of the statistically significant differences based on the ranking by consultant and contractor quantity surveyors was undertaken. Contractor quantity surveyors consider inadequate polytechnic education and training, inconsistent project implementation strategies and unclear organisation development goals as impacting most negatively on the competence of quantity surveying professionals. This finding reveals a need to establish collaboration between higher education institutions and professional bodies for the development and implementation of relevant strategic plans to resolve these inadequacies. Also, organisational development goals and project implementation strategies are relevant and important for contractors as opposed to firm consultants. The withdrawal of primary data from quantity surveying professionals was the only limitation; however, the factors primarily affecting quantity surveyors and their insights are vital.
Article Details

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Adesi, M., De-Graft, O. and Murphy, R. (2018). Strategic competencies for pricing quantity surveying consultancy services. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 25(3): 458–474. https://doi.org/10.1108/ecam-12-2016-0264
Akinola, J. A. (2019). Challenges of adopting multiskilling strategy to quantity surveying practice in Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, 16(6): 58–66.
Asiedu, R.O. and Ameyaw, C. (2021). A system dynamics approach to conceptualise causes of cost overrun of construction projects in developing countries. International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 39(5): 831–851. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijbpa-05-2020-0043
Ather, S.M. and Balasundaram, N. (2009). Factor analysis: Nature, mechanism and uses in social and management science research. Journal of Cost and Management Accountant, 37(2): 15–25.
Baruch, Y. (1999). Response rate in academic studies: A comparative analysis. Human Relations, 52(4): 421–438. https://doi.org/10.1177/001872679905200401 Benson, J. and Nasser, F. (1998). On the use of factor analysis as a research tool. Journal of Vocational Education Research, 23(1): 13–33.
Blumberg, B., Cooper, D. R. and Schindler, P. S. (2008). Business Research Methods. 2nd Ed. Berkshire: McGraw-Hill Higher Education.
Bowen, P., Cattell, K., Michell, K. and Edwards, P. (2008). Job satisfaction of South African quantity surveyors: Are employers happier than employees? Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology, 6(2): 124–144. https://doi.org/10.1108/17260530810891270
Chynoweth, P. (2013). Practice-informed research: An alternative paradigm for scholastic enquiry in the built environment. Property Management, 31(5): 435–452.
Crafford, G.J. and Smallwood, J.J. (2007). Clients’ views on quantity surveying competencies. Acta Structilia: Journal for the Physical and Development Sciences, 14(1): 33–55.
Dada, J.O. (2017). An appraisal of paradigm shifts required of competence of the Nigerian quantity surveyors. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 24(6): 1269–1280. https://doi.org/10.1108/ecam-02-2016-0038
Dada, J.O. and Jagboro, G.O. (2018). A framework for assessing quantity surveyors’ competence. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 25(7): 2390–2403. https://doi.org/10.1108/bij-05-2017-0121
Dada, J.O. and Musa, N.A. (2016). Key factors affecting the competence of quantity surveyors: Evidence from construction industry stakeholders in Nigeria. Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology, 14(3): 461–474. https://doi.org/10.1108/jedt-09-2014-0060
De Silva, C. (2014). Educating the chartered surveyor: Looking back to look forward. International Journal of Law in the Built Environment, 6(3): 250–270. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijlbe-08-2013-0031
Famiyeh, S., Amoatey, C.T., Adaku, E. and Agbenohevi, C.S. (2017). Major causes of construction time and cost overruns: A case of selected educational sector projects in Ghana. Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology, 15(2): 181–198. https://doi.org/10.1108/jedt-11-2015-0075
Field, A. (2014). Discovering Statistics Using IBM SPSS Statistics. 4th Ed. Los Angeles: Sage Publishing.
Ghasemi, A. and Zahediasl, S. (2012). Normality tests for statistical analysis: A guide for non-statisticians. International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 10(2): 486–489. https://doi.org/10.5812/ijem.3505
Guadagnoli, E. and Velicer, W. F. (1988.) Relation of sample size to the stability of component patterns. Psychological Bulletin, 103(2): 265–275. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.103.2.265
Hassan, F., Ismail, Z., Zaini, A.A., Hassan, S. and Maisham, M. (2011). An evaluation of the competencies, skills and knowledge of quantity surveying graduates in consultant quantity surveying firms in Malaysia. In 2011 IEEE Colloquium on Humanities, Science and Engineering Research. Pulau Pinang, Malaysia: IEEE, 228–232. https://doi.org/10.1109/chuser.2011.6163722
Kaiser, H.F. (1974). An index of factorial simplicity. Psychometrika, 39(1): 31–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02291575
Leedy, P.D. and Ormond, J.E. (2016). Practical Research: Planning and Design. 11th Ed. New Jersey: Pearson Education.
Magwaro-Ndiweni, L. (2016). Celebrating women in construction. Construction and Mining Magazine, 5(1): 10–11.
Moyo, T., Mukawa, M., Moyo, C. and Chigara, B. (2023). Expected competencies of quantity surveyors in Zimbabwe. Journal of Construction in Developing Countries, 28(1): 19–42. https://doi.org/10.21315/jcdc-04-21-0059
Nkado, R.N. (2000). Competencies required by quantity surveyors in South Africa. In A. Akintoye (ed.), 16th Annual ARCOM Conference. Glasgow: Association of Researchers in Construction Management, 11–20.
Olanrewaju, A. and Anahve, P.J. (2015). Duties and responsibilities of quantity surveyors in the procurement of building services engineering. Procedia Engineering, 123: 352–360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2015.10.046
Perera, B.A.K.S., Hemajith, S.D.M., Amaratunga, R.D.G. and Ginige, K. (2007). Quantity surveyor as the technical appraiser in the Sri Lankan financial industry. In Proceedings: Built Environment Education Conference. Manchester: CEBE. Available at: http://usir.salford.ac.uk/9827/ [Accessed on 10 January 2022].
Perera, S., Babatunde, S.O., Pearson, J. and Ekundayo, D. (2017). Professional competency-based analysis of continuing tensions between education and training in higher education. Higher Education, Skills and Work-Based Learning, 7(1): 92–111. https://doi.org/10.1108/heswbl-04-2016-0022
Saunders, M., Lewis, P. and Thornhill, A. (2016). Research Methods for Business Students. 7th Ed. London: Pearson Education.
Shafie, H., Khuzzan, S.M.S. and Mohyin, N.A. (2014). Soft skills competencies of quantity surveying graduates in Malaysia: Employers’ views and expectations. International Journal of Built Environment and Sustainability,1(1): 9–17. https://doi.org/10.11113/ijbes.v1.n1.3
Shayan, S., Kim, K. P., Ma, T., Freda, R. and Liu, Z. (2019). Emerging challenges and roles for quantity surveyors in the construction industry. Management Review: An International Journal, 14(1): 82–96.
Taherdoost, H. (2016). Validity and reliability of the research instrument: How to test the validation of a questionnaire/survey in research. International Journal of Academic Research in Management, 5(3): 28–36. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3205040
Wanda, M.M., Tramontin, V. and Haupt, T.C. (2016). The evolving competencies of quantity surveyors. Paper presented at the Association of Schools of Construction of Southern Africa, 10th Built Environment Conference. Port Elizabeth, South Africa, 31 July–2 August.
Yap, J.B.H., Skitmore, M., Lim, Y.W., Loo, S. and Gray, J. (2021). Assessing the expected current and future competencies of quantity surveyors in the Malaysian built environment. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/ecam-01-2021-0091
Yogeshwaran, G., Perera, B.A.K.S. and Ariyachandra, M.R.M.F. (2018). Competencies expected of graduate quantity surveyors working in developing countries. Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction, 23(2): 202–
https://doi.org/10.1108/JFMPC-06-2017-0019
Yong, A.G. and Pearce, S. (2013). A beginner’s guide to factor analysis: Focusing on exploratory factor analysis. The Quantitative Methods for Psychology, 9(2): 79–94. https://doi.org/10.20982/tqmp.09.2.p079
Yong, Y.C. and Mustaffa, N.E. (2012). Analysis of factors critical to construction project success in Malaysia. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 19(5): 543–556. https://doi.org/10.1108/09699981211259612