Investigation of Indoor Daylight Condition of Library Reading Spaces in a Tropical Climate
Main Article Content
Abstract
Reading spaces in the library require proper lighting for the comfort of the users. Good daylight conditions in the library help to improve mood, morale and learning while reducing eyestrain and saving energy. The current study investigated the daylight condition of 12 reading spaces to determine the influence of architectural daylight parameters on the daylight condition. The climate-based daylight modelling (CBDM) approach was used to determine useful daylight illuminance (UDI), daylight autonomy (DA) and total annual illumination (TAI). The study employed the VELUX Daylight Visualiser (VDV) simulation software. The results showed that the mean UDI 300 DA to 500 DA for Hall H was 84% and 69% (pass), TAI was 4,314 kWh and the luminance mean value was 255 cd/m2 (moderate). The daylight parameters collectively influenced this result. However, the ones that influenced the result more were window-floor ratio (WFR), glazing/shading/source of obstruction and wall finish/colour/ceiling finish. Since the daylight conditions of these halls studied met the design threshold, it showed that these design parameter strategies should be adopted when considering a new design of reading spaces in tropical regions.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Anderson, P.A., Duer, K., Foldbjerg, P., Roy, N., Christoffersen, J., Asmussen, T.F., Andersen, K., Plesner, C., Rasmussen, M.H., and Hansen, F. (2014). Daylight, Energy and Indoor Climate: Basic Book. London: VELUX Knowledge Centre for Daylight, Energy and Indoor Climate (DEIC).
Ayoosu, M.I., Lim, Y.W. and Leng, P.C. (2020). Daylighting performance assessment of side-lit university lecture theatres in the hot-humid climate of Makurdi in Nigeria. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 8(5): 4584–4589. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.e6793.018520
Boyce, P., Hunter, C. and Howlett, O. (2003). The Benefits of Daylight Through Windows. New York: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers (CIBSE) (2011). Lighting Guide 5: Lighting for Education. London: CIBSE.
Christoffersen, J., Petersen, E., Johnsen, K., Valbjørn, O. and Hygge, S. (1999). Vinduer og Dagslys: En Feltundersøgelse i Kontorbygninger. SBi-rapport 318. Hørsholm: Statens Byggeforskningsinstitut.
Dean, E.T. (2005). Daylighting Design in Libraries. California: US Institute of Museum and Library Services.
Engineering ToolBox (2023). Illuminance: Recommended light levels. Available at: https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/light-level-rooms-d_708.html
European Committee for Standardization (CEN) (2021). EN 12464-1: Light and Lighting; Lighting of Work Places – Part 1: Indoor Work Places. Brussels: CEN.
European Committee for Standardization (CEN) (2018). EN 17037: Daylight in Buildings. Brussels: CEN.
Galasiu, A.D., Newsham, G.R., Suvagau, C. and Sander, D.M. (2007). Energy saving lighting control systems for open-plan offices: A field study. LEUKOS, 4(1): 7–29. https://doi.org/10.1582/leukos.2007.04.01.001
Heschong, L., Wright, R.L. and Okura, S. (2002). Daylighting impacts on human performance in school. Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society, 31(2): 101–114. https://doi.org/10.1080/00994480.2002.10748396
Illuminating Engineering Society (2013). Approved Method: IES Spatial Daylight Autonomy (SDA) and Annual Sunlight Exposure (ASE); An American National Standard. ANSI/ IES LM-83-22. New York: Illuminating Engineering Society. Available at: http://www.ies.org/store/product/approved-methodies-spatial-daylight-autonomy-sda-and-annual-sunlight-exposure-ase1287.cfm
Kent, M. and Jakubiec, J. (2021). An examination of range effects when evaluating discomfort due to glare in Singaporean buildings. Lighting Research and Technology, 54(6): 514–528. https://doi.org/10.1177/14771535211047220
Malman, D. (2005). Lighting for Libraries. Revised Ed. California: Libris Design.
Mardaljevic, J. (2006). Examples of climate-based daylight modelling. Paper presented at the CIBSE National Conference 2006: Engineering the Future. London, 21–22 March.
Mardaljevic, J. (2000). Simulation of annual daylighting profiles for internal illuminance. Lighting Research and Technology, 32(3): 111–118. https://doi.org/10.1177/096032710003200302
Mardaljevic, J., Andersen, M. and Roy, N. (2012). Daylighting, artificial lighting and non-visual effects study for a residential building. In Proceedings: Velux Daylight Symposium 2012. Lausanne: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1–22. https://infoscience.epfl.ch/entities/publication/f301c343-5099-4c0d-ad32-737785055913
McNeil, A. and Lee, E.S. (2013). A validation of the radiance three-phase simulation method for modelling annual daylight performance of optically complex fenestration systems. Journal of Building Performance Simulation, 6(1): 24–37. https://doi.org/10.1080/19401493.2012.671852
Nabil, A. and Mardaljevic, J. (2005). Useful daylight illuminance: A new paradigm for assessing daylight in buildings. Lighting Research and Technology, 37(1): 41-57. https://doi.org/10.1191/1365782805li128oa
Nedhal, A.-T., Fadzil, S.F.S. and Adel, A. (2016). Relationship between window-to-floor area ratio and single-point daylight factor in varied residential rooms in Malaysia. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 9(33). https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2016/v9i33/86216
Onunkwo, A.A., Onyekuru, S.O. and Nwankwor, G.I. (2012). Land capability index mapping for waste disposal landuse option using geographic information system (GIS) in Enugu Area, South Eastern Nigeria. Journal of Geographic Information System, 4(5): 444–461. https://doi.org/10.4236/jgis.2012.45049
Pikas, E., Thalfeldt, M. and Kurnitski, J. (2014). Cost optimal and nearly zero energy building solutions for office buildings. Energy and Buildings, 74: 30–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.01.039
Reinhart, C.F. and Herkel, S. (2000). The simulation of annual daylight illuminance distributions: A state-of-the-art comparison of six RADIANCE-based methods. Energy and Buildings, 32(2): 167–187. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-7788(00)00042-6
Reinhart, C.F. and Walkenhorst, O. (2001). Validation of dynamic RADIANCE-based daylight simulations for a test office with external blinds. Energy and Buildings, 33(7): 683–697. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-7788(01)00058-5
Robbins, C.L. (1986). Daylighting Design and Analysis. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company.
Weather Spark (2023). Climate and average weather year round in Enugu. Available at: https://www.weatherspark.com.
World Data (2023). Sunrise and sunset in Nigeria. Available at: https://www.worlddata.info/Africa/Nigeria/sunset