Orthogonal design assessments to improve energy efficiency in rural residential buildings
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Abstract
Rural residential buildings often consume high energy due to inefficient designs that increase heating and cooling demands. This study employed an orthogonal test design method to assess the impact of structural modifications on energy efficiency improvement in rural residences. Key factors tested include wall and roof insulation thickness, heat transfer coefficients of exterior windows, south and north window-to-wall ratios and building shading. The optimal configuration identified involves 120 mm of external wall XPS insulation, a roof heat transfer coefficient of 0.27 (equivalent to 120 mm insulation), a triple-layer insulating glass window with a heat transfer coefficient of 1.20, a south window-wall ratio of 0.3, a north window-wall ratio of 0.1 and a horizontal sunshade length of 0.5 m. This combination resulted in an annual energy consumption of 6,579.72 kWh, compared to 13,036 kWh for the benchmark model. The optimal design achieved a 49.52% energy savings rate, excluding renewable energy and active energy-saving measures. The study concluded that the proposed strategic enhancements to the building envelope, particularly through the use of external wall insulation, can reduce energy consumption in rural residential buildings in Huai’an. The orthogonal design method streamlined the analysis, reducing the number of experimental trials while providing valuable insights into the relative influence of each factor.
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