The Application of Open Building Principles in Popular Residential Buildings in Iran
Main Article Content
Abstract
Recently large numbers of housing units have been built in Iran; however, the lack of compliance with the changing needs of different users is regarded as the main problem. The "open building" approach allows the units to be tailored to the needs and lifestyles of the users, which are flexible and adaptable. The present study aimed to investigate the possibility of using the open building approach in popular residential complexes in Gonad-e-Kavoos in north of Iran. In this study, by using the descriptive method, 40 popular residential plans were evaluated by inviting 20 designers and developers based on semi-structured interviews were examined. Based on the results, in the field of structures and facilities, there are a few limitations on the application of open building, but there are many problems related to the open unit internal separators during the process of designing and implementation. In this regard, some suggestions were recommended for these separators based on the current situation. Further, there are many capabilities and limitations in the popular designs by which design suggestions were suggested such as location and suitable proximity to fixed and open building spaces, optimal design and spatial organisation, which makes it possible to benefit from open buildings by using these items by designers.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Building, Housing and Road Research Center (2009). New Construction Technologies [in Persian]. Tehran: Ministry of Roads and Urban Development. Available at: https://www.bhrc.ac.ir/ [Accessed on 16 July 2016].
Eram, T. and Mirsaeedie, L. (2016). Selection of optimal building system by using the analytical hierarchy process, a case study: Residential project in Gonbad-eKavoos. Paper presented at the 3rd International Conference on Research in Science and Technology.
Berlin, Germany, July. Gibb, A., Austin, S., Dainty, A., Davison, N. and Pasquire, C. (2007). Towards adaptable buildings: Pre-configuration and re-configuration; Two case studies. In M. Sharp (ed.), Manubuild: Proceedings of the 1st International Conference, the Transformation of the Industry; Open Building Manufacturing. London: The Construction Industry Research and Information Association (CIRIA).
Golestan Governorship (2011). Socioeconomic Report of Golestan Province [in Persian]. Golestan, Iran: Golestan Governorship. Available at https://golestanp.ir/ [Accessed on 8 September 2017].
Habraken, J. (1978). Diversity in Housing. Translated by G. Faridian and N. Yazdkhasti. Tehran: Iranian Student Book Agency.
Kazi, A., Hannus, M., Boudjabeur, S. and Malone, A. (2007). Open Building Manufacturing Core Concepts and Industrial Requirements. Espoo, Finland: Manubuild with VTT-Technical Research Centre of Finland.
Kendall, S. (2015a). Reflections on the History and Future of the Open Building Network, CIB W104 (1996–2015). Delft, The Netherlands: International Council for Research and Innovation in Building and Construction (CIB).
———. (2015b). Open Building Concepts, Open Building Implementation, CIB W104. Delft, The Netherlands: CIB.
———. (2014). Case Studies of Residential Open Building. Continuing Project of the Building Futures Institute (BFI). Muncie, Indiana: College of Architecture and Planning, Ball State University.
———. (2004). An open building strategy for achieving dwelling unit autonomy in multi-unit housing. Housing and Society, 31(1): 89–99. https://doi.org/10.1080/08882746.2004.11430500.
———. (1999). Open building: An approach to sustainable architecture. Journal of Urban Technology, 6(3): 1–16.
———. (1987). Notes on "open systems" in building technology. Building and Environment, 22(2): 93–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/0360-1323(87)90029-1.
Kendall, S. and Kiseleva, N. (2013). Report on free plan apartments in Moscow. Available at: http://drstephenkendall.com/open-building-studies-reportsand-lectures/ [Accessed on 5 September 2017].
Minami, K. (2016). The efforts to develop longer life housing with adaptability in Japan. Energy Procedia, 96: 662–673. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2016.09.124.
Mirmoghtadaei, M., Talebi, Z. and Ershad, L. (2007). Introduction to the Principles of Open Building of Residential Complexes for Use in Mass Construction Projects [in Persian]. Tehran: Building and Housing Research Center Publication.
Seo, K.W. (2007). Space puzzle in a concrete box: Finding design competence that generates the modern apartment houses in Seoul. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 34: 1071–1084. https://doi.org/10.1068/b32134.
Setien, I.N. (2015). Development in the residential open building: Analysis and reflections on two seminal case studies. Perkins+Will Research Journal, 7(1): 19–35.
Taqilou, Z. (2005). Legal Issues of Apartments [in Persian]. 2nd Ed. Tehran: Partoe Khorshid Publication.
Wong, J.F. (2010). Factors affecting open building implementation in high density mass construction design in Hong Kong. Habitat International, 34(2): 174–182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2009.09.001.