Status of Hawksbill Turtle and Green Turtle in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
Main Article Content
Abstract
This paper highlighted the annual distribution, seasonality and reproduction status of two species of sea turtles in Negeri Sembilan, Peninsular Malaysia between January 2016 and July 2020 (55 months). These data were officially provided by the Department of Fisheries Malaysia (Negeri Sembilan’s state), as a part of a conservation effort made by them to protect the endangered species, as the turtle’s population residing in Negeri Sembilan is one of the smallest in Malaysia. Current status shows that the hawksbill turtles, Eretmochelys Imbricata population in Negeri Sembilan is in stable decline with an average of <30 nests per year, and an average of <10 nests per year for the green turtle, Chelonia mydas. The overall sum was 122 nests collected for both species from 2016–2020. This paper updated the status of the hawksbill and green turtle after 30 years from the first study recorded by Mortimer et al. in 1993.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Abd-Rahim R I. (2016, 24 May). Akta kawalan lama wujud tetapi tidak dikuatkuasa. Berita Harian, p. 26.
Aini Hasanah A B, Nik F, Amiruddin A and Nurolhuda N. (2014). Understanding nesting ecology and behaviour of green marine turtles at Setiu, Terengganu, Malaysia. Marine Ecology 36: 1003–1012. https://doi.org/10.1111/maec.12197
Chan E H. (2006). Marine turtle in Malaysia: On verge of extinction? Aquatic Ecosystem Health and Management 9(2): 175–184. https://doi.org/10.1080/14634980600701559
_______. (2010). A 16-year record of green turtle and hawksbill turtle nesting activity at Chagar Hutang Turtle Sanctuary, Redang Island, Malaysia. Indian Ocean Turtle Newsletter 12(1): 1–5.
_______. (2013). A report on the first 16 years of a long-term marine turtle conservation project in Malaysia. Asian Journal of Conservation Biology 2(2): 129–135.
Chan E H, Joseph J and Liew H C. (1999). A study of hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) of Pulau Gulisaan, Turtle Islands Park, Sabah, Malaysia. Sabah Park Natural Journal 2: 11–22.
Harian Metro. (2020, 6 May). PD yang sepi galak penyu bertelur. https://www.hmetro.com.my/mutakhir/2020/05/575297/pd-yang-sepi-galak-penyu-bertelur (accessed on 2 September 2021).
Hitchins P M, Bourquin O and Hitchins S. (2004). Nesting success of hawksbill turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) on Cousine Island, Seychelles. Journal of Zoology 264: 383–389. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0952836904005904
Miller J D. (1999). Determining clutch size and hatching success. In K L Eckert, Bjorndal K A, Abreu-Grobois F A and Donnelly M. (eds.). Research and management techniques for the conservation of sea turtles. Washington DC: IUCN/SSC Marine Turtle Specialist Group, 124–129.
Mortimer J A, Ahmad Z and Kaslan S. (1993). The status of the hawksbill, Eretmochelys imbricata and green turtle, Chelonia mydas of Melaka and Negeri Sembilan. Malayan Nature Journal 46: 243–253.
Mortimer J A and Donnelly M. (2008). Eretmochelys imbricata. IUCN 2010: IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.1. http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/8005/0 (accessed on 14 November 2021).
Pallant J. (2002). SPSS survival manual: A step by step guide to data analysis using SPSS for Windows (Version 12). Sydney: Allen and Unwin, 205–208.
Rusli M U, Sahibu A, Azlan N S, Luqman F and Emilia T. (2020). Modul latihan pengurusan pemuliharan penyu (jurulatih) [Module]. Kuala Terengganu: Penerbit Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 1–78.
Sarahaizad M S, Nishizwa H, Mohd-Sah S A and Safri M F. (2018a). Spatiotemporal preferences in nesting of the hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) in Melaka, Malaysia. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 98(8): 2145–2152. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315417001734
Sarahaizad M S, Mohd-Sah S A and Khan Chowdhury A J. (2018b). Assessing nesting status of green turtles, Chelonia mydas in Perak, Malaysia. Tropical Life Sciences Research 29(1): 155–171. https://doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2018.29.1.11
Sarahaizad M S, Nishizawa H, Shahrul Anuar M S, and Khan Chowdhury A J. (2020). Reproductive seasonality and environmental effects in green turtle (Chelonia mydas) nesting at Penang Island, Malaysia. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 100: 645–650. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315420000399
Sukarno W and Omar H. (1989). Kematian penyu disebabkan kegiatan menangkap ikan. Paper presented at Seminar Penyelidikan Perikanan, Melaka, Malaysia, 20–22 June.
Sukarno W, Mohamed-Ridzuan M A, Mohamad-Zabawi S, Mohd-Najib R, Abdul-Aziim M Y, Mansor Y, Azwa A H, Farizan S, Mohd-Khalil-Khasah M, Robert L H F, Abd-Karim S, Zakaria S, Syed-Abdullah S A K, Zulkifli T, Wahidah M A, Abdul-Wahab A and Norul-Fahiezah S. (2007). Prosedur piawaian pengurusan penyu Semenanjung Malaysia. Kuala Terengganu: Jabatan Perikanan Malaysia. Utusan Malaysia. (2021). Kerajaan Negeri Sembilan warta undang-undang pemeliharaan penyu. https://www.utusan.com.my/berita/2021/05/kerajaan-negeri-sembilanwarta-undang-undang-pemeliharaan-penyu/ (accessed on 2 September 2021).
Yaakob O, Hashim F E, Jalal M R and Mustapa M D. (2015). Stability, seakeeping and safety assessment of small fishing boats operating in Southern coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Journal of Sustainability Science and Management 10(1): 50–65.
Yeo B H, Squires D, Ibrahim K, Gjertsen H, Syed Mohd Kamil S K, Zulkifli R, Groves T, Hong M C and Tan C H. (2007). Fisher profiles and perceptions of sea turtlefishery interactions: Case study of East Coast Peninsular Malaysia. The WorldFish Center Discussion Series No. 6, The WorldFish Center, Pulau Pinang.
Zare R, Vaghefi M E and Kamel S J. (2012). Nest location and clutch success of the hawksbill sea turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) at Shivdar Island, Iran. Chelonian Conservation and Biology 11: 229–234. https://doi.org/10.2744/CCB-1003.1