Clustering and Significance in Spatial Distribution Analysis of the Skudai River Catchment Using Geographic Information System (GIS)

Authors

  • Mohamad Afnan Haikal Saidi Geoinformatic Unit, Geography Section, School of Humanities, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang.
  • Muhammad Wafiy Adli Ramli Geoinformatic Unit, Geography Section, School of Humanities, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang.
  • Mohd Azmeer Abu Bakar Geoinformatic Unit, Geography Section, School of Humanities, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang.
  • Mohd Amirul Mahamud Geoinformatic Unit, Geography Section, School of Humanities, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang.
  • Wan Mohd Muhiyuddin Wan Ibrahim Geoinformatic Unit, Geography Section, School of Humanities, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36777/jag2025.4.1.3

Keywords:

Spatial distribution; pollution; GIS, environmental; land use

Abstract

In this study, the spatial distribution patterns of point source pollution in the upstream Skudai River catchment were investigated, focusing on restaurants, laundromats, car washes, and workshops. Rapid urbanization and industrialization in the region have led to environmental challenges, including changes in hydrology, geomorphology, and deterioration in water quality. GIS technology played a crucial role in analyzing and visualizing the spatial dynamics of point source pollution. The analysis revealed non-random clustering patterns for each pollution source category, with concentrations observed in specific areas within the catchment. The study also explored the correlation between point source pollution and land use types, identifying concentration hotspots in commercial and residential areas, with the transportation sector emerging as a significant contributor to pollution. The proximity of pollution sources to water bodies and neighbor pattern analysis provided further insights. The findings offer valuable information for water resource management, environmental conservation, and urban planning in the Skudai River catchment, highlighting the importance of GIS-based spatial analyses for informed decision-making and effective pollution control measures.

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Published

2025-03-29

How to Cite

Clustering and Significance in Spatial Distribution Analysis of the Skudai River Catchment Using Geographic Information System (GIS). (2025). Journal of Asian Geography, 4(1), 20-26. https://doi.org/10.36777/jag2025.4.1.3

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