SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE ASIAN CITRUS PSYLLID, DIAPHORINA CITRI KUWAYAMA (HOMOPTERA: PSYLLIDAE) ON CITRUS AND ORANGE JASMINE
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Abstract
The analysis of spatial distribution of the psyllid Diaphorina citri (Homoptera: Psyllidae) on citrus and orange jasmine analyzed using various mathematical indices of dispersion and regression models showed an aggregated distribution. Taylor’s power law and Iwao’s regression model fitted very well to all data sets, while the regression of k = c + dm [k = m2/(s2 – m)] was an inadequate model for the aggregation of the citrus psyllid since k was unstable and dependent upon the density of the insect. In general, Taylor’s power law fitted the data better, yielding higher values of R2 than the Iwao’s model for all cases, whether citrus only, orange jasmine only or pooled. The population of D. citri on the tree quadrants, i.e. north, west, south and east, did not differ significantly. However, distribution between the upper and lower half of the canopy was significantly different where the upper canopy harbored more psyllids than the lower half.
Taburan ruang kutu psyllid Diaphorina citri (Homoptera: Psyllidae) pada pokok limau dan bunga melur yang telah dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan indeks matematik model taburan dan regresi menunjukkan taburan berkelompok. Hukum kuasa Taylor dan model regresi Iwao sangat sesuai dengan kesemua set data, manakala model regresi k = c + dm [k = m2/(s2 – m)] didapati tidak memadai bagi perkelompokan psyllid limau kerana k tidak stabil dan bergantung kepada kepadatan kutu psyllid. Pada amnya, hukum kuasa Taylor lebih sesuai dengan data, memberi nilai R2 yang lebih tinggi berbanding model Iwao bagi kesemua kes, sama ada bagi limau sahaja, bunga melur sahaja atau gabungan kedua-duanya. Populasi D. citri pada kuadran pokok, iaitu utara, barat, selatan dan timur, didapati tidak berbeza secara signifikan. Sungguhpun begitu, taburan di antara sudur setengah atas dan bawah didapati berbeza secara signifikan di mana sudur setengah atas dinaungi lebih banyak psyllid daripada setengah bawah.
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