Barium Levels in Soils and Centella asiatica

Main Article Content

Ghim Hock Ong
Chee Kong Yap
Maziah Mahmood
Suhaimi Hamzah

Abstract

In this study, Centella asiatica and surface soils were collected from 12 sampling sites in Peninsular Malaysia, and the barium (Ba) concentrations were determined. The Ba concentration [µg/g dry weight (dw)] was 63.72 to 382.01 µg/g in soils while in C. asiatica, Ba concentrations ranged from 5.05 to 21.88 µg/g for roots, 3.31 to 11.22 µg/g for leaves and 2.37 to 6.14 µg/g for stems. In C. asiatica, Ba accumulation was found to be the highest in roots followed by leaves and stems. The correlation coefficients (r) of Ba between plants and soils were found to be significantly positively correlated, with the highest correlation being between roots-soils (r=0.922, p<005), followed by leavessoils (r=0.890, p<005) and stems-soils (r=0.848, p<005). This indicates that these three parts of C. asiatica are good biomonitors of Ba pollution. For the transplantation study, four sites were selected as unpolluted [(Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)], semi-polluted (Seri Kembangan and Balakong) and polluted sites (Juru). Based on the transplantation study under experimental field and laboratory conditions, Ba concentrations in C. asiatica were significantly (p<0.05) higher after three weeks of exposure at Seri Kembangan, Balakong and Juru. Thus, these experimental findings confirm that the leaves, stems and roots of C. asiatica can reflect the Ba levels in the soils where this plant is found. Three weeks after back transplantation to clean soils, the Ba levels in C. asiatica were still higher than the initial Ba level even though Ba elimination occurred. In conclusion, the leaves, stems and roots of C. asiatica are good biomonitors of Ba pollution.


 


Dalam kajian ini,Centella asiaticadan permukaan tanah telah dikumpul daripada 12 kawasan pensampelan di Semenanjung Malaysia dan ditentukan kepekatan barium (Ba). Julat kepekatan Ba (µg/g berat kering) dalam tanah adalah dari 63.72 ke 382.01 µg/g manakala di dalam C. asiatica adalah antara dari 5.05 ke 21.88 µg/g untuk akar, 3.31 ke 11.22 µg/g untuk daun dan 2.37 ke 6.14 µg/g untuk batang. Di dalam C. asiatica, pengumpulan Ba didapati tertinggi di akar dan diikuti oleh daun dan batang. Pekali korelasi (r) Ba antara tumbuh-tumbuhan dan tanah didapati mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan dengan yang tertinggi di antara akar-tanah (r+0.922, p<0.05), diikuti oleh daun-tanah (r=0.848, p<0.05) dan batang-tanah (r=0.848, p<0.05). Ini menunjukkan tiga bahagian C. asiatica adalah biomonitor yang baik untuk pencemaran Ba. Untuk kajian pemindahan, empat tapak telah dipilih sebagai tidak tercemar [(Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)], tapak separuh tercemar (Seri Kembangan dan Balakong) dan tercemar (Juru). Berdasarkan kajian pemindahan di bawah bidang eksperimen dan keadaan makmal, kepekatan Ba di dalam C. asiatica adalah lebih tinggi secara signifikan (p<0.05) selepas tiga minggu pendedahan di Seri Kembangan, Balakong dan Juru. Oleh itu, dapatan eksperimen ini mengesahkan bahawa daun, batang dan akar boleh mencerminkan tahap Ba dalam tanah di mana C. asiatica ditemui. Selepas tiga minggu dan dipindahkan kembali ke tanah yang bersih, tahap Ba di dalam C. asiatica adalah masih lebih tinggi daripada peringkat awal Ba walaupun penghapusan berlaku. Kesimpulannya, daun, batang dan akar C. asiatica adalah biomonitor yang baik untuk mengesan pencemaran Ba.

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How to Cite
Barium Levels in Soils and Centella asiatica. (2013). Tropical Life Sciences Research, 24(1), 55–70. https://ejournal.usm.my/tlsr/article/view/tlsr_vol24-no-1-2013_6
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Original Article