Pendidikan untuk Golongan Minoriti: Tipologi dan Isu

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to attempt to provide a general typology of education for minorities and a general review of the issues and effects related to this aspect of education. It is based on the premise that the issues and problems can be properly understood only if they are located within a proper framework. This is not an attempt to cover the entire range of practices and possibilities but simply to provide a starting point to situate practices within broadly acceptable generalisations. The paper is divided into six sections. Firstly it defines the term 'ethnic minorities'. Then it examines the typological and ideological models of educational policies for minorities. The main intention is to see if any generalisations can be identified based on similarities and difference. Thirdly it evaluates these typologies and, fourthly it evaluates the impact of these policies on the minorities. The fifth section is devoted to examining the state of practice in some Asian countries. Here, reference is made to the Singapore, Sri Lanka and Malaysian experience. The sixth section concludes with some general statements and findings on the suitability of a universally applicable model.