Widening Access to Secondary Education in Africa: What Lessons Could Africa Learn from East and Southeast Asian Countries?

Abstract

As many countries in sub-Saharan Africa meet universal primary education, widening access to secondary education is becoming an increasingly urgent issue for governments to address. How can African countries achieve mass secondary education available for all? This paper reviews experiences in East and Southeast Asian countries in widening access to secondary education and draws lessons that might be applicable to countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Firstly, the paper looks at macro factors that contributed substantially to the widening of access to secondary education in East and Southeast Asian countries. It then scrutinises micro factors to evaluate how it actually had influences on expanding access.

Apabila semakin banyak negara di Afrika sub-Saharan memenuhi pendidikan rendah universal, isu memperluaskan akses pendidikan menengah menjadi perkara penting untuk ditangani oleh kerajaan. Bagaimana Afrika dapat mencapai pendidikan menengah untuk orang ramai? Artikel ini meninjau pengalaman di negara Asia Tenggara dan Asia Timur dalam memperluaskan akses pendidikan menengah dan meneliti contoh yang boleh diaplikasi kepada Afrika sub-Saharan. Pertama sekali, artikel ini melihat kepada faktor makro yang menyumbang banyak kepada memperluaskan akses kepada pendidikan menengah di negara Asia Tenggara dan Asia Timur. Kemudian faktor mikro diteliti untuk menilai kesannya terhadap pengembangan akses.