Kesan Pendekatan Inkuiri Penemuan Terhadap Pencapaian Pelajar dalam Mata Pelajaran Kimia (The Effect of Inquiry Discovery Approach Towards Student Achievement in the Subject of Chemistry)

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of inquiry-discovery approach in teaching and learning of chemistry as compared to the conventional approach. The effects of inquiry-discovery approaches are focused on students' achievement and attitude towards chemistry as a subject and also the learning of chemistry. The quantitative research using quasi experiment was employed to examine the effectiveness of the inquiry-discovery approaches. A total number of 81 science stream were students involved as the subject of this study. The instruments are the Chemistry Comprehension Test. There is questionnaire on the students' attitude towards the chemistry subject. Approximately, 40 students of the treatment group learned chemistry through inquiry-discovery approach while the other 41 students of control group received the lesson via the conventional approach. The data was analysed using the SPSS program. There were two types of statistics used namely, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The descriptive statistics involved the frequency and percentage to describe the sample while inferential statistics is the t-test to evaluate the hypothesis at a significant level of p < 0.05. The findings obviously show that there is a significant difference in the achievement of students as well as their attitude towards the chemistry lesson in both approaches. This study has proven that inquiry-discovery approach improving the students' performance as well as their understanding of the chemistry subject. This approach has also stimulated the positive attitude of students toward chemistry subject.

Tujuan kajian dijalankan ialah untuk mengkaji kesan pengajaran secara pendekatan inkuiri penemuan (PIP) dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran kimia berbanding pengajaran secara pendekatan konvensional (PK). Kesan pengajaran secara PIP difokuskan kepada pencapaian dan sikap terhadap mata pelajaran dan pembelajaran kimia. Reka bentuk penyelidikan yang digunakan ialah penyelidikan kuantitatif jenis kuasi eksperimen yang melibatkan 81 murid jurusan kimia. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah Ujian Kefahaman Kimia (UKK) dan Soal Selidik Sikap terhadap mata pelajaran kimia. Seramai 40 murid daripada satu kelas dijadikan kumpulan rawatan yang mengikuti pengajaran kimia secara PIP dan 41 murid daripada satu kelas lagi dijadikan kumpulan kawalan yang mengikuti pengajaran kimia secara PK. Data dianalisis menggunakan program SPSS. Dua jenis statistik digunakan iaitu statistik deskriptif dan statistik inferensi. Statistik deskriptif menggunakan kekerapan dan peratus bagi menghuraikan sampel kajian manakala statistik inferensi menggunakan Ujian-t bagi menguji hipotesis pada aras signifikan p < 0.05. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan terhadap markah pencapaian pelajar dalam kimia dan sikap pelajar terhadap pelajaran kimia di antara kedua-dua pendekatan selepas pengajaran dijalankan. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa PIP berupaya meningkatkan pencapaian murid dalam mata pelajaran kimia dan merangsang sikap positif murid terhadap mata pelajaran kimia.