Pelaksanaan Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Mata Pelajaran Lukisan Kejuruteraan di Sekolah Menengah (The Implementation of Teaching and Learning Engineering Drawing Subject in Secondary Schools)

Abstract

This descriptive study was conducted to identify the topics of Engineering Drawing which are difficult to understand, understand the problems faced by educators and their needs of Engineering Drawing in secondary schools. A total of 40 teachers teaching Engineering Drawing in the state of Malacca and 138 students from three districts in Pahang were employed as samples in this study. The instrument used is a set of five Likert-scale questionnaires and open-response questions. The reliability index of the instruments used is the alpha Cronbach 0.82. Data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) for Windows Version 12.0 with a percentage and frequency response while the analysis of open questions began with a written record of participant responses to the raw data, which is then transcribed into a computer and analysed manually. Data is coded and categorised according to specific themes. Findings indicated that students found the combination topics Tangent and Additional Views were difficult to understand. The problems encountered when teaching and learning Engineering Drawings was the lack of teaching aids, reference materials, teaching and learning equipment and facilities. Additional problems found that there was insufficient information technology, ineffective teaching methods, students' attitudes towards the subject and not enough teaching hours and revision time being allocated for Engineering Drawing. In lieu of the above, teaching aids in the form of modules and software, equipment and facilities including fully equipped drawing rooms, adequate information technology facilities and enough teaching and revision hours are pivotal.

Kajian berbentuk deskriptif ini dijalankan bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti tajuk mata pelajaran Lukisan Kejuruteraan (LK) yang sukar difahami, mengetahui masalah dan keperluan utama pelajar dan guru dalam pelaksanaan LK di sekolah menengah. Seramai 40 orang guru mata pelajaran LK di negeri Melaka dan 138 orang pelajar dari tiga daerah di negeri Pahang terlibat sebagai sampel dalam kajian ini. Instrumen yang digunakan ialah set soal selidik berskala Likert lima poin dan soalan respon terbuka. Indeks kebolehpercayaan bagi instrumen yang digunakan mempunyai nilai alpha Cronbach 0.82. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan perisian Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) for Windows Version 12.0 dengan menghasilkan peratus dan frekuensi, manakala analisis soalan respon terbuka dimulakan dengan merekodkan jawapan bertulis peserta untuk mendapatkan data mentah, kemudiannya data ini ditranskripsikan ke komputer dan dianalisis secara manual. Data dikod dan dikategorikan mengikut tema yang khusus. Dapatan kajian mendapati bahawa terdapat tajuk yang sukar difahami oleh pelajar iaitu gabungan tajuk Tangen dan Pandangan Tambahan. Antara permasalahan dalam pelaksanaan pengajaran dan pembelajaran LK adalah kekurangan bahan bantu mengajar, bahan rujukan, peralatan pengajaran dan pembelajaran LK dan kemudahan teknologi maklumat yang tidak mencukupi, kaedah pengajaran guru yang kurang berkesan, sikap pelajar terhadap pembelajaran LK dan waktu pengajaran dan pembelajaran LK yang tidak mencukupi. Keperluan yang amat diperlukan adalah bahan bantu mengajar dalam bentuk modul dan perisian, kemudahan peralatan dan bilik LK yang selengkapnya, kemudahan teknologi maklumat yang secukupnya dan keperluan menambah waktu pengajaran dan pembelajaran LK.