A Consultancy-Based Approach to In-Service Education of Science Teachers
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Abstract
Artikel ini mengkaji berbagai pendekatan yang digunakan untuk melaksanakan kegiatan pendidikan perguruan bagi guru-guru dalam perkhidmatan. Dari kajian-kajian yang telah dibuat, terdapat empat pendekatan yang biasa digunakan, iaitu, pendekatan 'Problem-Solving', pendekatan 'Defect', pendekatan 'Growth', dan pendekatan 'Change'. Dalam artikel ini dibincangkan keempat-empat pendekatan tersebut serta kekurangan-kekurangan tertentu yang wujud dalam pendekatan-pendekatan itu. Penulis-penulis artikel ini mencadangkan suatu pendekatan baru yang dipanggil 'Consultancy-based Approach'. Artikel ini juga menganalisakan berjenis-jenis kegiatan pendidikan perguruan yang telah diadakan bagi guru-guru sains dalam perkhidmatan di Malaysia. Terdapat bahawa kebanyakan kegiatan ini mengikut pendekatan seperti 'Change Approach' dan 'Defect Approach'. Memandangkan kekurangan yang dihadapi oleh kursus-kursus dalam perkhidmatan yang menggunakan pendekatan-pendekatan ini, penulis-penulis mengesyorkan pendekatan 'Consultancy-based Approach' digunakan untuk menambahkan usaha-usaha yang telah dibuat supaya guru-guru sains di Malaysia dapat memperbaiki taraf profesyenal mereka. Untuk menjelaskan kegunaan pendekatan 'Consultancy-based' dalam pendidikan perguruan, bahagian terakhir artikel ini menghuraikan suatu contoh kajian. Contoh kajian ini menunjukkan bagaimana pendekatan ini dapat digunakan untuk melatih guru-guru Biologi supaya mereka dapat mengajar kerja-amali Biologi dengan lebih berkesan.
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