Influence of Environmental Factors on Malaria Incidence in Jigawa State, Nigeria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36777/jag2023.2.1.1Keywords:
Climate, Environment, Incidence, Jigawa, MalariaAbstract
Malaria remains a significant public health challenge, particularly in developing countries where physical and built environments are inadequately developed and managed. This study aims to assess the influence of climatic and non-climatic environmental variables on malaria incidence. Climatic variables (rainfall, temperature, and relative humidity), physical environmental variables (distance to mosquito breeding sites and vegetation cover), and built environmental variables (sewer condition, distance to garbage dumpsites, housing type, availability and condition of water storage containers, types of plant cover within residential compounds, and types of animals kept within residential compounds) were analysed to determine their relationships with malaria incidence using correlation and multiple regression analyses. The results showed that all variables, except temperature and the condition of water storage containers, were positively correlated with malaria incidence. Furthermore, relative humidity, rainfall, and distance to mosquito breeding sites were the most significant factors, with correlation coefficients of 0.424, 0.333, and 0.383 (P < 0.0001), respectively. Moreover, climatic and non-climatic environmental factors accounted for 18.9% and 19.0% of the variation in malaria incidence, respectively. Our findings identified the most significant environmental determinants of malaria incidence in the study area, providing useful information for planning and implementing targeted malaria control activities.
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