Evaluating the Implementation of SDG 2: Zero Hunger at Universiti Sains Malaysia Using Geographic Information Systems
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36777/jag2025.4.1.8Keywords:
Food Bank, GIS, Improvement, SDG 2, SuitableAbstract
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) provide powerful tools for assessing food security, monitoring agricultural productivity, and examining the spatial effects of environmental and socio-economic factors on food systems. By integrating spatial data and mapping techniques, GIS can also identify food insecurity hotspots, evaluate food accessibility, and support more effective resource allocation. Accordingly, this study evaluates the implementation of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2, Zero Hunger, at Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) through the application of GIS. Using QGIS 3.34.1, Kernel Density Estimation was employed to analyse the spatial distribution of food banks across the USM campus. The study examines the existing distribution of food banks, assesses their contribution to students’ quality of life, and identifies potential locations for establishing additional food banks. A mixed-methods approach was adopted, combining quantitative and qualitative methods, including direct observation, documentary data collection, and in-depth interviews with academic staff and relevant university stakeholders. The findings indicate that the existing food banks are insufficient in number, unevenly distributed, and inadequately maintained, thereby limiting access for students experiencing food insecurity. Based on these findings, the study proposes strategies to improve the accessibility, distribution, and management of food banks across the campus. These measures are intended to strengthen the implementation of SDG 2 by addressing food insecurity and hidden hunger among students, improving food resource management, and promoting a more inclusive and sustainable campus environment. Overall, the study contributes to USM’s broader commitment to sustainability in higher education and provides GIS-based evidence to support institutional efforts towards achieving the SDGs, particularly those related to hunger alleviation, food security, and student well-being.
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